Drill



sept. 1s, 1923. M6850@ R. E. OVERNIAN .DRILL Filed Oct. 26 1920 Patented Sept. 18, 19230 NEE noscon n. evenaren, or-.ao's Ancares, camroaara.

' nana.. i

appucauon mea october ze, 1920. serial no. `419,577.

To all whom it may emmer/n:

Be it known that I, Roscoe a citizen of the United.l

Los Angeles,

OvnnMAN, States, residing at 1n the county of Los Angeles and State of California, have invented new and useful Improvements in Drills, of which the following is a specification.

r@his invention rela-tes to a drill and an object thereof is to provide a drill which is especially ,adapted for use in well drilling operations and more particularly employed in sinking tubular Well casings as in drilling for oil or Water.

Another object is to provide a well drilling tool of the rotary type embodying a series of revoluble elements on the tip thereof so constructed land arranged as "to edect a cutting action by crushing and finely comminuting the materials Worked upon so that the debris may. bej readily discharged in water.

Another object is to provide the tool with crushing and grinding rolls so arran ed Arelative to Veachotherand to the vertical axis of rotation of the tool whereby the material acted on thereby will be not only finely ground butl also thoroughly admixed with water so that the water and the solids ma be readily removed.

nother object is to provide the tool with grinding rolls which are renewable and interchangeable and which may be readily removed and replaced when worn.

Another object-is to provide a tool of the above character which is so constructed as to insure drilling a straight hole, which is .rapid in operation, and adapted for use Vin .various form ations.

A further object is to provide the tool with an arrangement of boring rolls whereby an undercutting action may be readily effected, and embodying means whereby the tool may be expanded and contracted.

@ther objects will appear hereinafter.

The invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 is a view showing a well casing in section with the tool disposed therein in its contracted position.

Figure 2 is a view in elevation of the tool in its expanded position.

B1`igure 3 is a vlew in side elevation of the too Figure l is an end view showing the arrangement of the boring rolls.

Figure 5, is a view in cross section as seen on the line 5-5 of Figure 2.

, Figure' 6 is a view in section of-one of the rolls..

More specifically, 5 indicates thev shankA @0 of the drill the lower portion of Which is wedge shape in form to provide inclined or tapered side walls 6 on opposite sides thereof, the end walls 7 of the shank being straight and parallel. The upper portion of @5 the shank converges into a squarel stem 8 fitted with an annular flange 9 forming the upper end of the shank, and on which liange is formed a tapered threaded portion 10 which is adapted to be screwed into the loW-l W0 er end of a tubular drill rod ll' by which the drill is suspended and operated, as is common in rotary drill operation. rllhe shank is formed with, a longitudinal bore l2 extending throughout the length thereof 75 and communicating with the interior of the drill rod 11 thru which water may be passed downwardly and discharged from the .lowerl end of the drill centrally thereof. 'lFormed on the inclined sides'of the shank 5 are dove @0 tail ribs 13 which extend longitudinally of the shankand are adapted to engage dove tall grooves formed on the inner inclined faces of a pair ofslips 111 which are designed to be slidably mounted on the in- @il clined facesof the shank. The sides of the 4slips are preferably ush with the Hat end faces 7 of the shank,

as shown in Figure 5, s0 that the slip s and shank will have a corresponding wldth, and formed on the sides @0 of the vslips are vertically extending channelsV 15 into which the ends yof a cross bar 16 projects; a cross'loar 16 being mounted on each flat side of the shank and countersunk therein. These cross hars are desi limit the longitudinal movement of t e slips and shank relative to eachother and are adapted Vto engage the upper ends of the channels 15, as shown in Figure 1, or to abut against the lower ends of the channel, llt@ as shown in Figure 2, according to whether the slips are contracted or ex anded relative to each other on theshaldi as will be later described.

Mounted on the lower end of the shank 1613 is a pair of complementary rollers 17 and 18 revoluble on a shaft 19 supported in projections 20 in the end of the shank, and

mounted on the end of each slip is a roller 21 Which is designed to rotate on a shaft 22 llt@ edto -thereof this construction providing wide bearings for the shaft. One of the collars A25 supporting the shaft 19 and the collars on the plates 24 are internally threaded, as

shown in Figure 6, and the shafts arescrewed into engagement therewith to permit ready removal and replacement of the shafts and rollers. The rollers are provided with bushings 27 which extend from their inner ends to the shoulders formed by the recesses 26. v

The rollers 17, 18, and 21 are referably of corresponding construction an are here shown as tapered'and disposed with their larger diameters outermost. The rollers are formed with peripherial ribs and channels or corrugations so as to adapt the rollers to have a crushing and grinding action on rotation of the drill. The rollers 21 are preferably arranged diagonally to the rollers 17 and 18 and to their arcuate path of travel with their axes ofset but in parallel relation to each other, as particularly shown in Figure 4, so that when the drill is rotated with the rollers 21 bearing on a surface these rollers will both rotate and slide in traversing the surface to effect a crushing and grindin action thereon. The rollers 21 are arrange so that a portion of their enlarged outer ends on these horizontal diameters will project diagonally beyond the outer faces of the slips so that on rotation of the' drill they will cut a bore of a diameter greater than that of the combined slips land shank and thereby afford clearance between the walls of the bore and the slips. This bore is cut underl the lower end of the casing to permit the` latter being lowered therein.

In the operation 'of the invention, the slips are advanced on the shank so that 4they will extend beyond the lower end thereof, in which position they will be contracted relative to cach other by reason of the inclination or taper of their slide mounting. When thus disposed the slips will be supported on the cross bars 16. The drill may then beraised or lowered through the well casing 28, as shown in Figure l. When the slips come to rest on the bottom of the bore the shank may be lower between the slips and by reason of its wedge sha e cause the slips to move outwardly into t eir expanded position below the lower end ofthe casing. When the shank in its lowermost position between the slips, Y

the several rollers will be positioned on substantially the same lane.

0n rotation of t e drill the rollers 17 and 18 will rotate on their shaft in opposite directions and in extending diametrically` across the axis of rotation of the drill will` form the central portion of the bore. The rollers 21 being arranged with theirouter ends disposed beyond the path of travel of the outer ends of the inner rollers' 17 and 18 will act to form the walls of the bore. The boring action of the drill consists incrushing and grinding the materials acted on by the rollers rather than by cutting, 4which action is facilitated by reason of the drill being heavily weighted and by the corrugated formation of the rollers thus adapting the tool for use in various formations. The materials acted on by the rollers being inely ground will 'be thoroughly commingled with the water delivered to the `the bore lto be formed and each size of drills may have rollers of a size to correspond thereto. i

I claim: v

1. A drill comprising a wedge-shaped shank formed with a longitudinal bore and having dove-tail ribs extending lengthwise of its inclined sides, a tapered slip formed with a dove-tail slot on its inclined face slidably engaging the dove-tail rib on the shank, a slip being mounted on each in- `clined face of the shank, means fori limiting longitudinal movement of the slips and shank relative vto each other, a pair of axially aligned crushing rollers on the lower end of the shank, and a complementary crushing roller on the lower end of each slip. 2. A drill comprising a wedge-shaped Shank formed with a longitudinal bore and having dove-tail ribs extending lengthwise of its inclined sides, a tapered slip formed with a dove-tail slot on its inclined :tace slidably engaging the dove-tail rib on the shank, a slip being mounted on each inclined face of the shank, means for limitin longitudinal movement of the slips and shank relative to each other, a pair of axially aligned crushing rollers on the lower end of the shank, a complementary crushing roller on the lower end of each slip diagonally arranged relative to the rollers on the shank, and disposed substantially in parallel relation to each other.

3. A drill comprising a wedge-shaped shank formed with a longitudinal bore and having dove-tail ribs extending lengthwise of its inclined sides, a tapered slip formed with a dove-tail slot on its inclined face slidably engaging the dove-tail rib on the shank, a slip being mounted on each inclined face of the shank, means for limiting longitudinal movement of the slips and shank relative to each other, a pair of axially aligned crushing rollers on the lower end of the shank, and a complementary crushing roller on the lower end of each slip, each of said rollers being tapered and formed with peripheral ribs and grooves.

4C. ln a drill, a shank, a pair of slips slid]- able lengthwise thereon, a pair of axially aligned crushing rollers on the end of the shank, and a crushing roller on the end of each slip arranged so that a portion of the roller on its horizontal diameter at its outer Mesto@ end will project beyond the outer face of the slip.

5. In a drill, a shank, a pair of slips slidable lengthwise thereon, a pair of axially aligned crushing rollers on the end of the shank, a crushing roller on the end of each slip the rollers on the slips arranged diagonally with respect to the rollers on the shank and to their path of travel on rotation of the shank.

6. In a drill, a shank, a pair of slips slidable lengthwise thereon, a pair of axially aligned crushing rollers on the end of the shank, a crushing roller on the end of each slip, the rollers on the slips arranged diagonally with respect to the rollers on the Shank and to their path of travel on rotation of the shank, said rollers being tapered and having peripheral corrugations.

7. ln a drill, a crushing roller having a recessed outer endl, a shaft on which the A'roller is revoluble, a pair of supports on said shaft, one of said supports embodying a collar projecting into the recess and with which the shaft has screw thread engagement.

ROSCOE E. OVERMAN. 

